Martin Luther King and Adolph Hitler as Speakers
by Jackie Andre

I consider that Martin Luther King and Adolph Hitler were charismatic speakers but with different agendas. Both had tremendous ability to appeal to the masses through the spoken word, this being evident in some of their famous speeches.

By putting aside Hitler’s less than ecological intentions and outcomes and just examining the charismatic delivery of his speeches I feel that today he would have been worthy of the trainers trainer certification. The persuasion that he learned and developed in handling crowds, even large crowds of thousands, involved pacing the objections he knew that they would have against his argument and using them in the service of persuasion. He did that by pacing and leading. He also seemed to have a natural intuition about how to 'read' a crowd and calibrate to their ongoing feedback so as to pace them for the purpose of then leading. He consciously developed and stuck to a tried and tested model (structure) of public speaking that he used to effectively persuade the masses. (Hitler described his model of effective propaganda in 'War Propaganda' (6th chapter). The model formula as stated being:

1. Keep the dogma simple: make only a few points.

Aside from a few changes in the form of presentation, the content of most of Hitler’s speeches was almost always the same.

2. Be forthright and powerfully direct. Speak in the telling or ordering mode.

Hitler was a master when it came to using verbal tonality, the loud volume, pitch and speed of his delivery. The ordering mode of speeches was evident in the downward inflection at the end of sentences.

3. Hold forth an extreme either-or, black-and-white call to action.

He used a large number of imbedded commands in pushing forward his extremist views.

4. Make it emotional: Direct your words to the emotions and stir them vigorously.

This is relative to the previous points I have raised, regarding Hitler’s excellent use of tonality, pacing, and then leading.

5. Use lots of repetition: persistently repeat your point over and over.
6. Forget beauty, literary criteria, scientific reasoning, balance, and novelty.
7. Focus solely on convincing people and creating zealots.
8. Find slogans that you can use and drive the movement forward.

These last four points I feel underpin Hitler’s approach, his ability to trance the crowd out, the use of repetition and repetitive slogans that not only create trance but using slogans that act as anchors, anchors to create emotion and to deepen trance. Hitler also made most of his famous speeches late in the day when he was aware that people would be tired, less resistant and more susceptible to suggestion. Visually he was also forceful and constant in his use of Satir’s 'Leveller' hand gesture, often banging the lectern with his fists to enforce his point.

Martin Luther King (MLK) had a similar speech format to Hitler and points 2,3,4,5,7, and 8 of his speeches supported Hitler’s ‘model formula.’ Points 1 and 6 are juxtapositions between the two speakers. Where Hitler kept things simple and made only a few points, MLK speeches were full of lyrical metaphors that took the listener on a timeline journey, from the past, to the present, then into the future. Where Hitler gave no credence to beauty, reasoning and balance (point 6) these values were central to MLK’s speeches. In his famous ‘I have a dream’ speech, he moves the listener from summer into autumn and the element of time is reinforced by saying ‘1963 is not an end but a beginning.’ MLK uses a metaphor for his subject matter and through his metaphorical journey he leads the recipient by doing a series of modality reframes:
· Dark and desolate valley of segregation to the sunlit path of racial justice.
· From the quicksands of racial injustice to the solid rock of brotherhood.
· The sweltering summer of the Negro’s legitimate discontent will not pass until there is an invigorating autumn of freedom and equality.
· Let us not seek to satisfy our thirst for freedom by drinking from the cup of bitterness and hatred.
· Every hill and mountain shall be made low, and rough places will be made plains, and the crooked places will be made straight and beautiful.

In the aforementioned speech he repeats ‘I have a dream’ eight times, ‘We can never be satisfied’ six times, and ‘Let freedom ring’ seven times, each one a powerful reframe on past, present and what is hoped for the future. Therefore as with Hitler repetition was a key feature of his speeches.

Another example I would like to use is Richard Bandler, in a way using him as an example is easy as there is so much rich material available as he has to be considered a ‘genius’ in the field of NLP. I attended a four day certification course that he ran in London, and I was so tranced out by the experience I’m not sure that it was four days, it could have been three! His use of metaphors and nested loops were staggering. At one point I counted that he had 15 open at the same time, but was informed by one of his helpers he had counted 27, and at the end of the course the helper said he’d closed every one of them. I liked his use of humour and I think it makes him an entertaining man to watch. On one of his videos he was working with a young man who was breaking up with a girlfriend and who thought he wanted to work on his ‘issues,’ but once on the stage dug his heels in. He was quite creative at thwarting every option, possibility, or reason that Bandler brought up as to why he might reconsider his opinions about this girlfriend and their relationship. So, with his flare for the outrageous, Bandler used an experience of a defective stage setup (the corner of the platform buckled two times so that he stumbled) to create a ‘ridiculous situation.’ This gave Bandler the change to accuse and blame one of the stagehands (who tried to fix the stage) of purposefully trying to hurt him. He presented this negative and toxic belief as a metaphor for the young chap who refused to consider giving his girlfriend another chance. A brilliant use of both humour and positioning on the stage. I am sure that the corner of the stage that was used to god effect was anchored could have been further used to reframe negative beliefs of other individuals.

 

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